The Aral Sea located between the borders of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan is now a barren land that is trying to retain its original position. It was known as the fourth largest inland sea in the world, but from the 1960s, the water volume has reduced.
A program was established to promote agriculture, especially the growth of cotton, by the Soviet Union in the 1950s which deliberately deprived the Aral Sea of its main two sources of income by water. This in turn reduced the amount of water flowing to the sea. Most of the water was diverted to the canals at the expense of the Aral Sea supply, most of the water was blatantly wasted while the rest flowed to the deserts. This reduced the flow of water into the sea.
The water level in the Aral Sea started decreasing from the 1960s onwards. The water availability during normal conditions was approximately one-fifth of its water supply through rainfall, the rest of the water comes from rivers named Amu Darya and Syr Darya. Evaporation causes the water in the river to decrease by the same amount that flows into it, making it sustainable as long as the inflow is equal to evaporation on average. Therefore, the diversion of the seas is at the origin of the imbalance, which caused the sea to slowly desiccate over the last 4 decades.
The Predicted Future and timely conditions of the Aral Sea
At the beginning of the 1980s, when engineers realized that the amount of water reaching the lake was only 10% of the water flow, it was too late. Most of the parts had dried out and the rest was on the verge of slow disappearance. In 1989, the water body split into, leaving one part to the north and the other to the south, namely the North Aral Sea and South Aral Sea.
In conclusion, The Aral Sea has been declining its value due to the increase in salinity in the sea, and over time the Sea has been removed from the list of fishing. The Aral Sea has quickly begin to shrink due to the evaporation of its now unreplenished waters. Researchers say that the Aral Sea will never completely return to normalcy. The main reasons are that the shoreline has radically changed and the South Aral Sea remains almost desiccated. It is predicted according to studies conducted that the quantity of the Aral Sea will decrease up to 75.4 km by 2031. This is what the future is predicted to be, according to recent information.
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